How To Build 3D Models

Back in the day, when I decided to take my first steps into the realm of 3D modeling, I was bursting with excitement. Armed with my newfound software, Gravity Sketch VR, I quickly started creating shapes and objects. However, to my dismay, the initial results were far from what I had envisioned. My models looked clunky, deformed, and behaved erratically during texturing, and forget about animation. That’s when I discovered the power of topology and how to apply that in Gravity Sketch, my 3D tool of choice – and it forever changed my approach to 3D modeling.

Understanding Topology: The Backbone of 3D Models

Before we jump into how to build 3d models, let’s grasp the concept of topology. In the context of 3D modeling, topology refers to the arrangement of vertices, edges, and faces that form a 3D object. Good topology is essential because it determines how well your model will deform, subdivide, and interact with lighting and textures. Clean and efficient topology can save you from a lot of headaches down the road, especially when you need to modify or animate your model.

The Art of Planning Your Model

Wow, this is important, so listen closely! To ensure good topology from the beginning, the first step is to plan your model thoughtfully. Imagine you’re a sculptor about to create a masterpiece. You wouldn’t blindly start chiseling away at the block of marble; instead, you’d carefully sketch out the design before making the first cut. Similarly, in 3D modeling, it’s crucial to have a plan before diving into the details.

1. Conceptualize Your Design – Take some time to visualize your 3D model in your mind or on paper. Think about its shape, proportions, and overall structure. Consider how it will be used and how it should behave during animation. Having a clear concept in mind will guide your decisions as you progress.

2. Start Simple – It’s tempting to jump straight into complex shapes and intricate details, but remember that starting with a simple base mesh is a wise move. Begin with a low-poly representation of your model, defining its primary forms and major features. This basic structure will serve as the foundation on which you’ll build the rest of your model.

3. Edge Loops: The Backbone of Good Topology – One of the cornerstones of good topology is the strategic use of edge loops. These are continuous lines of edges that flow smoothly across your model. They are vital for maintaining shape and ensuring smooth deformations during animations. Imagine edge loops as the skeleton of your model; a well-designed skeleton ensures your model moves gracefully.

Understanding Edge Loops

To better understand the significance of edge loops, let’s take a look at an example. Suppose you’re creating a character’s face. You’d want to use edge loops that flow along the natural lines of facial anatomy, like the jawline, cheekbones, and eye sockets. This way, when you later animate the character, the facial expressions will appear more realistic and natural.

4. Avoid Ngons and Triangles

In the world of 3D modeling, Ngons (polygons with more than four sides) and triangles can be problematic. While they might seem like a quick solution, they can lead to irregular deformations and unwanted shading issues. Aim to work primarily with quads (four-sided polygons) as they subdivide more predictably and create a cleaner mesh.

5. Balance Detailing and Optimization

Achieving good topology is about finding the right balance between detailing and optimization. You want enough resolution in your mesh to capture the necessary detail but not so much that it bogs down your computer or makes editing difficult. Remember, you can always add more detail later using techniques like subdivision surfaces.